Hugo essays

Hugo essays Victor Hugo was born in Besancon in 1802. He was the son of an army general and a conservative mother. Most of his childhood was spent pursuing the campaigns of the Napoleonic Wars. When Hugo was 16, his parents separated and Hugo went to live with his mother in Paris. He was both privately educated and attended public school. Hugo was an intelligent child and developed a gift for writing early. In early adolescence, he began to write verse tragedies and poetry and translated Virgil. Odes Et Poesies Diverses was Hugo first collection of poetry and it earned Hugo a royal pension of 3,000 francs a year from Louis XVIII. Hugo continued to receive attention from French Kings. At the age of 23, he was invested as a Chevalier of the Legion dHonneur. In 1823, Hugo made his debut as a novelist with Han DIslande along with Bug-Jargal in 1826. By this time, Hugo had already married Adele Foucher and had a young child. In the preface to Hugos historical drama Cromwell (1827), Hugo pleaded from freedom from classical restrictions. This plea was quickly made the manifesto of the romantic school. Censors banned Hugos second drama in 1829, Marion de Lorme. The drama was based on the life of a 17th century French courtesan. Hugo responded to the ban with Hernani, a poetic drama that was unlike the conventions of the French theater. This drama caused a riot between the classicists and the romanticists. Hugos next work was The Hunchback of Notre Dame and it was an instant success. The novel is set in 15th century Paris and is about a gypsy, Esmeralda, and a deformed bell ringer, Quasimodo, and his love for her. Around this time, Hugo met Juilette Drouer, an actress. She was Hugos mistress for the following 50 years. She was not Hugos only mistress but she was his most loyal. She wrote him at least a letter a day and never lived farther than walking distance from hi ...

Parataxis in Steinbecks Paradox and Dream

Parataxis in Steinbeck's 'Paradox and Dream' Though best known as a novelist (The Grapes of Wrath, 1939), John Steinbeck was also a prolific journalist and social critic. Much of his writing dealt with the plight of the poor in the United States. His stories allow the reader to question what it means to be American especially during hard times like the Great Depression or times of great social upheaval during the Civil Rights Movement. In the essay Paradox and Dream (from his final nonfiction book, America and the Americans), Steinbeck examined the paradoxical values of his fellow citizens. His familiar paratactic style (heavy on coordination, light on dependent clauses) is clearly illustrated here in the opening paragraphs of the essay. From "Paradox and Dream"* (1966) by John Steinbeck 1 One of the generalities most often noted about Americans is that we are a restless, a dissatisfied, a searching people. We bridle and buck under failure, and we go mad with dissatisfaction in the face of success. We spend our time searching for security, and hate it when we get it. For the most part, we are an intemperate people: we eat too much when we can, drink too much, indulge our senses too much. Even in our so-called virtues, we are intemperate: a teetotaler is not content not to drinkhe must stop all the drinking in the world; a vegetarian among us would outlaw the eating of meat. We work too hard, and many die under the strain; and then to make up for that we play with a violence as suicidal. 2 The result is that we seem to be in a state of turmoil all the time, both physically and mentally. We are able to believe that our government is weak, stupid, overbearing, dishonest, and inefficient, and at the same time we are deeply convinced that it is the best government in the world, and we would like to impose it upon everyone else. We speak of the American Way of Life as though it involved the ground rules for the governance of heaven. A man hungry and unemployed through his own stupidity and that of others, a man beaten by a brutal policeman, a woman forced into prostitution by her own laziness, high prices, availability, and despairall bow with reverence toward the American Way of Life, although each one would look puzzled and angry if he were asked to define it. We scramble and scrabble up the stony path toward the pot of gold we have taken to mean security. We trample friends, relatives, and strangers who get in the way of our achieving it, and once we get it we shower i t on psychoanalysts to try to find out why we are unhappy, and finallyif we have enough of the goldwe contribute it back to the nation in the form of foundations and charities. 3 We fight our way in and try to buy our way out. We are alert, curious, hopeful, and we take more drugs designed to make us unaware than any other people. We are self-reliant and at the same time completely dependent. We are aggressive and defenseless. Americans overindulge their children; the children, in turn, are overly dependent on their parents. We are complacent in our possessions, in our houses, in our education; but it is hard to find a man or woman who does not want something better for the next generation. Americans are remarkably kind and hospitable and open with both guests and strangers; and yet they will make a wide circle around the man dying on the pavement. Fortunes are spent getting cats out of trees and dogs out of sewer pipes; but a girl screaming for help in the street draws only slammed doors, closed windows, and silence. *Paradox and Dream first appeared in John Steinbecks America and Americans, published by Viking in 1966.

Hypothetical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hypothetical - Essay Example A statute may prohibit a certain act, direct a certain act, formulate a declaration, or propose governmental instruments to aid society. In Nazi Germany, those written laws made it legal for the government to commit genocide against certain groups such as Jews, homosexuals and gypsies. But at the same time, after World War II ended, Nazis were prosecuted for those same acts, under the impression that they have violated â€Å"natural law.† Some of the acts should be considered illegal, irrespective of what a statute says, or when it does not reflect law and morality. Suchs acts come under this provision. 1. If Javier sued Energy-Auto Inc., Javier is the plaintiff and Energy-Auto Inc is the defendant. Javier can file the case in New York court. Javier incurred $100,000 in damages so he can file suit in federal court. â€Å"Federal court jurisdiction is limited to the types of cases listed in the Constitution and specifically provided for by Congress. For the most part, federal courts only hear cases in which the United States is a HYPERLINK "http://www.fjc.gov/federal/courts.nsf/page/800?opendocument" \l "parties" party; cases between citizens of different states if the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000 "diversityjurisdiction" and bankruptcy, copyright, patent, and maritime law cases† (Federal Judicial Center, n.d.). Federal court mainly handles these types of cases. State courts have wide jurisdiction, so the cases regarding individual people are most expected to be involved in state courts. For example robberies, broken agreements, traffic violations, and family disputes are generally tried in state courts. 2. Pahler v. Slayer: This case involves a civil proceedings brought by the parents of the murdered girl for illegal death naming the musical group Slayer and the companies, who encourage, market, record, and distribute their music under that name. This case mainly supplements the conversation of tort liability.   The case

Mitt Romney For President Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mitt Romney For President - Research Paper Example He married Ann in the year 1969 however the family faced crucial times when she was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Although Mitt’s father held the governorship in Michigan however he is not a career politician. Mitt has spent most of his life in the private sector and hence has all the due knowledge of the economy and about its ups and downs. Mitt’s career is a blend of everything ranging from political orientation to economic knowledge, from public serving to turning around things. This is evident from his career how he reversed a state’s declining phase that was caught up in recession. He was also behind the rescue of 2002 Winter Olympic games from the disaster. The exquisite skills that are seen in Mitt’s personality and his management style are attributed to his career in business. After his graduation in 1971 from Brigham University, Mitt got degrees in Law and Business from Harvard. He initially worked as a business consultant but soon in the yea r 1948 he founded the investment firm named Bain Capital. It was this company that helped many firms to rebuild and launch few of them includes: Bright Horizons, Staples and Sports Authority (Mitt Romney for President). The Republican Party i.e. the Grand Old Party (GOP) has its roots back in the United States Democratic Republican Party. The first candidate to be the president under this party had been Abraham Lincoln in 1860 and ever since the party has about 17 Republican presidents who have served about 88 years in total. The party claims to have 55 million registered voters which is the second largest in the country and is also known to be the advocate of American nationalism, conservatism and economics at its core (2012 Republican Candidates). In 2002 when Mitt was elected as the Governor of Massachusetts, the states position was quite alarming as its budget was out of balance, the taxes were increasing, and the spending was also on the rise hence the state’s overall ec onomy was disturbed. Mitt through his supervision and strict decisions reduced the spending and brought it under control. He managed and restructured the government programs and enhanced the efficiencies throughout. This whole turnaround was brought in by Mitt by casting 800 vetoes against the Democrats and by bringing in the conservative principals to state legislature. It was through his hard efforts that the brought job creating incentives removed red tape from businesses and also brought new businesses to the state. He made a huge economic recovery by eliminating the $3 billion deficit without any tax raising or borrowings. At the end of Mitt’s term in 2007 the state has essentially recovered from economic turmoil (Mitt Romney for President). Running for the Republican President Mitt Romney has to confront the other candidates, although his political career is like a weathervane but compared to the other three candidates he is the most experienced choice. His past experie nces as the Governor of Massachusetts, the founder of Bain Capital makes him stand out above competition as his accomplishment and experiences makes him the best choice for the position. In terms of the responsibilities, Mitt has that skill in him to get things done as seen in the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics games. Since he has spent most of his career in the private sector, Mitt has a lot to offer as he understands the economy in its very true sense. He has built up his career by starting new

Global Citizenship Essay Example for Free

Global Citizenship Essay As far as we know, many people throughout the world face different issues such as global warmth, pollution of environment, gap between wealth and poverty, discrimination, suffering of HIV/AIDS and so on. Therefore, more and more people are attracted to join in one community and solve global problems together. Nowadays, many people can be considered as citizens of our planet, or as Global Citizens. The main goal of Global Citizens is to create such conditions and solutions to problems in order to make the world around them a better place. All of them tend to have some specific qualities. I know enough people, who possess them and inspire me more to be a Global Citizen. Initially, I consider myself as a part of Global Community and as a Global Citizen because I try to help people that need it. For me, being a Global Citizen means not only enjoying our rights, but also bearing responsibilities and taking care for surrounding people and environment beyond one’s nation or territory, in order to create a virtuous society in the world. Open-mindedness and willingness to commit good deals are the main qualities, which Global Citizen should have. Every person has different types of personality, some of them can make good teachers, some good creators, other good workers, and so on. Although they have different qualities and abilities, they are part of one community and take some responsibilities for surrounding people for making the world little bit better. Therefore, they can be considered as Global Citizens. They are joined by qualities such as kindness, love to every single person on the world, motivation to hard work, and responsibility for humankind. In addition, Global Citizens should have perseverance because the mission of being responsible for human beings faces many obstacles. Accordingly, Global Citizens should wish to improve lives of others and possess kindness, responsibility, and persistence. Global Citizens are not isolated from the world and think not only about themselves. People start to be such Citizens when they start to commit good deal toward strangers, who need help. No matter if they act alone or in teams, they are still Global Citizens. I have met many people that act as Global citizens. For instance, I know people, who deal with children that have oncologic diseases, or people, who take some activities to decrease the level of HIV/AIDS sufferers, or people that engaged in charity, or other that engaged in special communities, which deal with different issues in society. I, firstly, admire with my grandmother, who have small business, but always take time and money to engage in charity for orphanage. In spite of facts that she is retired and care about her children and grandchildren, she still work hard, has patience, and has desire to help other people, to make their lives better. This example proves that anyone can take even little action toward better humanity’s life and unintentionally become a Global Citizen. I believe, I will follow my grandmother’s example because from my childhood I am kind, responsible and strive to help people. I always wished, nobody should be upset. Therefore, when I saw sad person, I approached to him/her, tried to understand situation and attempted to help. Later on, I become part of different communities such as School Parliament, International Organization â€Å"Dance4Life†, Students’ Community â€Å"Enactus†, and some others. Most of my time I spent in School Parliament, so I will tell more about its activities. This little school organization took responsibilities for almost all events in school and some activities outside it. We regularly took part in charity for orphanage, support disabled people of our school, entertained people that had oncologic diseases, and conducted some events. We helped one family to collect some amount of money to child’s operation by selling some ribbons and conducting few times charity events. It was one of the biggest deals that we did in school time ourselves. After pupil’s operation, his parents thanked us and appreciated our activities. Thus, as studying in high school we started to participate in solving some problems outside of our lives, to help others, to improve surrounding people’s lives and performed as Global Citizens. Thereby, everybody can become a Global Citizen despite age, gender, and region. To be a Global Citizen means to take actions and fulfil some duties in order to improve someone’s life. Global Citizenship should not be focused on scale of an action because helping people starts from little steps, from helping even one unknown person. Therefore, most of people, who are helping others that need a support, can be considered as Global Citizens. The majority of these human beings understand that they somehow may effect on people, who live on the other side of the Earth. Thus, they think broadly and care about surrounding people and nature.

An Influential Rock :: Writing Technology Technological Papers

An Influential Rock Does technology influence how we write? A week ago I would have said no. I would have said that we write what we write independent of the means. That the art of writing could never be hindered or influenced by the technology in use. A week ago, I would have been wrong. Several college students were asked to figure out how to create a simple sentence without using modern technology. It doesn’t seem like it should be that difficult. Yet, as the process unfolds, it proves to be a much harder task than one would assume. Walter Ong wrote, â€Å"†¦writing is a technology, calling for the use of tools and other equipment†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (321). That influenced my first question: How do I create text without using tools and other equipment? That led me to my next question: How do I find tools and other equipment to write on without using tools and other equipment? My project consisted of taking a rock and smashing holly berries onto it to form the text â€Å"I love Ashton† in honor of my two-month-old son. The first problem I encountered was actually freeing the rock from the frozen ground. My attempt at trying to dig it out of the dirt with my boot and claw it out with my gloves, had gone on to no avail. I retrieved a shovel from my garage and poked and prodded the rock until it was finally loose. I felt as though I had already compromised part of the project by using the shovel, but it was what I had to do. Now, I had to find a way to create my text. The original plan was to write with grass, but the winter season made that impossible. Then the idea was to write with a piece of tree bark, but that didn’t work out either. I needed to use season appropriate materials, but writing in the snow seemed too obvious and it did not fit with two criteria of the assignment: permanence and portability.

Everybody Hates Chris

â€Å"Everybody Hates Chris† I have watched Everybody Hates Chris ever since I was 10 years old and I still find it to be the best comedic television show on Nick at Night. When you have Chris Rock as the narrator, how can you not laugh? This show is considered to be one of the best shows on TV for family’s and younger children. It normally plays at 9:00 pm every weekday on Nick at Night. You can sometimes catch it weekdays around noon on B. E. T. I like having the show on at this time because on school nights it gives me something to relax to and laugh at.I love everything about this show because it has a common aspect to each episode, has many genres, and the characters are fun and easy to relate to. The main character of the TV show is named is Chris and every episode revolves around him and his family. Chris is a normal child who has a sister, brother, mother and father. They live together in NY, where they spend their days working and going to school just like any other family. He is the oldest child, so he is in charge of taking care of his younger siblings Drew and Tonya.While Chris is at school, he is the only black kid in his class so he gets picked on and judged all the time. Him and his best friend, Greg, are what you would call the nerds or losers in the class. His sharpness and character helps Chris throughout the show but he will have to go through many obstacles, at home and in school, in order to grow up. In every episode the plot is that Chris, the oldest child in the family, must make certain decisions and act upon helping the people he is surrounded by. Each episode he is given a certain task or problem he has to solve.The best part of the show is that no matter what Chris does in the end someone hates him for what he did. For example, in one episode he has to make $100 to pay back his dad for buying tickets to a concert. He lied to his dad that he needed books for the new job, which comes back to haunt him. The first thing he d oes was find a job, which happened to be at a funeral home. But of course Chris didn’t read the agreement he signed and didn’t see that he does not get paid in cash. Instead they give him money for books to learn more about the funeral home process.Then the day the concert arrives the manager makes Chris stay until he finishes all his work. Chris was left sitting and carving the caskets until the next day which meant he didn’t make the concert. He was okay with this because he learned something new and had a fun time with the manager. Never the less in the end he goes to receive his pay check to pay-back his dad and realizes it isn’t cash! â€Å"What is this, I thought I was getting paid, not a gift certificate for books! † explained Chris. â€Å"You mean you didn’t use my money for books when I gave you that $100! Chris’s dad screamed. â€Å"Well Chris you still owe me $100 dollars and are in a lot of trouble. † You can start to see the trend because in the end his dad is upset with him and he can never make everyone happy. This is where the different genres come into play because you have this comedy TV show that also has suspense and humorous drama. Some scenes can also dramatic relief and heartfelt ones. Most of the heartfelt scenes come when Chris’s mother explains the situation to him and helps him solve his problems.An example would be where she sat him down to talk about why he shouldn’t have skipped school. This plays a huge role in the reoccurring theme of Everybody Hates Chris. Every episode you can one hundred percent count on having the same theme, where Chris is given a problem and must find a way to solve it. Then you will have his parents and siblings argue with him or one another. His mother can be very outspoken at times! While his father, on the other hand, is more conscious about their money and how it affects him. His siblings like to get him trouble a lot and they succ eed at doing this.After all the action happens Chris will usually have a break through and solve his problem. Then he thinks he has done a good job and got away with whatever he did wrong. When in the end, all of the viewer’s know someone always makes that solution turn around and have them hate Chris. This TV show does an excellent job of portraying a typical family back in the day where you have three children; and normally the father would work two jobs with the expenses being so high. It is a great stereotypical family that will make your own family laugh at the things they do.Viewers find it humorous because they can relate to the jokes and activities Chris’s family pulls during the TV show. I know that I have related the show to my own family multiple times. This is a great family show that will let you relax and give you a few laughs to relieve all that stress. If you love to be with your family and laughing at comedy TV shows, I would recommend this show becaus e I believe it is the best one out there. Compared to today’s shows, Everybody Hates Chris, sticks to the family appropriate level and will have your family laughing for hours at a time.

M3.04 Achieving Objectives Through Time Management

Andrew Wilson. Level 3 Award in First Line Management. M3. 04. Achieving Objectives through Time Management. Set SMART Objectives. Results can be achieved by setting objectives, either for yourself or your team. Objectives also provide structure in the workplace, if people know what to aim for; it will be easier for them to hit the target. Objectives set should be SMART, see below, S – Specific, M – Measurable, A – Achievable, R – Realistic / Relevant, T – Time bound, Objective1 – Relief Team Leader to close all completed work orders on the backlog list. Measurable by the reduction in the amount of completed work orders on the backlog list. Easily achievable, given the time to carry out the task. Relevant because all completed work orders closed, will be added to the Plant Asset Records, providing maintenance history for items of plant. Task to be carried out for the first 2 hours of every working day. Objective 2 – Housekeeping tours to be carried out in Plant areas. Measurable by the reduction of scrap/waste in Plant areas and the completion of the spreadsheet on the computer. Easily achievable, given the time to carry out the task. Relevant because areas of Plant are becoming untidy. Task to be carried out on the first Thursday of every month, to involve the whole of the Maintenance Team. Objective 3 – Plan a package of maintenance work on No4 Distiller. Measurable by the completion of various maintenance tasks . Achievable given time and resources. Relevant because production levels will increase due to the maintenance being carried out. Package of work to be completed by 5pm 17/03/2011. Objective 4 – Arrange training for maintenance team members on overhead crane operation. Measurable by the successful completion of training. Achievable because all team members have the ability to learn. Relevant because the team will be more flexible in the workplace. Training to be completed by 31/07/2011. Andrew Wilson March 2011. Plan the Achievement of SMART Objectives. Tasks can be broken down into more manageable smaller tasks, each with its own deadline. The completion of each â€Å"sub-task† to its set deadline, will inevitably lead to the achievement of the overall objective. Objective No3 on my list is a perfect example of planning requirement. The main objective is to carry out a package of maintenance work on No4 Distiller, which, when completed, will increase production rates, to be completed by 5pm on the 17th March 2011. Below is a workplace planning sheet, clearly outlining all the sub-tasks required to be completed, the times they must be completed by, resources required, results of completion of sub-tasks and constraining factors to be considered, before the main objective is achieved. Workplace Planning Sheet | |Objective/Task |Completion |Resources |Results on |What do I need to do |Constraining | | |Time | |Achievement |first |factors | | | | | | | | |Process to Isolate the |07:30 |Process Operators |Distiller made |Arrange isolation |Process unable to| |Distiller | |ready for |with Process Manager |isolate due to | | | | |maintenance | |faulty equipment | | | | |activities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Insert isolation plate into |08:30 |4x Mechanical |Distiller made safe|Ensure scaffold is in|Scaffold Tag out | |Distiller Exit Gas main. | |Technicians |for maintenance |place and tagged & |of date | | | | |work |all parts to hand. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Removal of spool to Heat |09:00 |2x Mechanical |Heat Exchanger |Request isolation |Process unable to| |Exchanger for cleaning | |Technicians |available for |with Process |isolate due to | | | | |cleaning | |faulty equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Replacement of damaged pipe |11:00 |4x Mechanical |Damaged pipe |Request isolation |Spares not | |to VLS | |Technicians |section replaced |with Process & ensure|available | | | | | |all spares available | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Replacement of damaged pipe |14:00 |2x Mechanical |Damaged pipe |Request isolation |Spares not |to VLS drain | |Technicians |section replaced |with Process & ensure|available | | | | | |all spares available | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Replacement of spool to heat|15:00 | 2x Mechanical |Heat Exchanger |Ensure cleaning is |Cleaning not | |exchanger | |Technicians |available for duty |completed |completed | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Removal of isolation plate |16:00 |4x Mechanical |Distiller available|Check all work is |Delay in work | |into Distiller Exit Gas | |Technicians |for handback to |completed and all |completion | |main. | |process |work permits signed | | | | | | |off | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Process to De- Isolate the |17:00 |Process Operators |Distiller back on |Hand back Distiller |Any delay in | |Distiller | | |work & production |to Process |prior tasks | | | | |increased | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Andrew Wilson March 2011. Monitor the Objectives. The completion of sub-tasks is monitored throughout the day in order to evaluate the likelihood of achieving the main objective. The easiest way of doing this, is by visually checking the progress of each sub-task and communicating this to the relevant people. Each sub-task re quires a Permit to Work to be issued before work can commence, these Permits must be signed off by the Technician to whom the Permit was issued. Another method of monitoring progress is to check that the Permits that have been issued, have been signed off, this will indicate the time that the task was completed and whether the task was completed successfully. Regular update meetings would be held throughout the day to keep relevant people informed of progress and give insight into whether the main objective will be achieved. E-mails would also be sent out as confirmation of progress. When all outstanding Permits have been signed off as successfully completed, then the Distiller can be officially handed back to Process for de-isolation and then brought on for production. Andrew Wilson March 2011.

Americas Breakable Incrustation essays

Americas Breakable Incrustation essays The calamity of September 11th were not random acts of evil, rather they were calculated attacks on the attitudes that every American held prior to September 11th including myself. My lack of knowledge on American foreign policy proceeding to the measures of September 11th underscore, in my understanding, why the attacks occurred in the first place. The destruction on September 11th, 2001 symbolized Americans paramount inaction in receptive to not only the symptoms of the terrorist organizations, but the very reason why they are created. The values that Americans hold dear have negative consequences which must be presented in our discussion to fully understand the initiative of September 11th. Americas individualistic culture has formed, on some levels, an international- anti American sentiment embraced by less fortunate citizens of countrys to which we have influenced negatively. If there isnt change, September 11th could be a prelude to similar or worse acts of violence on th e United States. Though American culture might have its flaws, the fundamentals of democracy and the prosperity that stems from democracy as a heuristic can be more accurately re-embraced by Americans as well as the international community. On the morning of September 11th, 2001 at about 8:45 a.m., a hijacked passenger jet, American Airlines Flight 11 out of Boston, Massachusetts, crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center, tearing an immense hole in the building and setting it afire. Unexpectedly 15 minutes after the first plane had crashed, a second hijacked airliner, United Airlines Flight 175 from Boston, crashed into the south tower of the World Trade Center. Immediately and for the first time in U.S. history, air traffic nation wide had been halted. Also, American Airlines Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon as a United Airlines Flight 93, also hijacked, crashes in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, southeast of Pitts...

Geography of Ecuador - Learn Information about South Americas Ecuador

Geography of Ecuador - Learn Information about South America's Ecuador Population: 14,573,101 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: QuitoBordering Countries: Columbia and PeruLand Area: 109,483 square miles (283,561 sq km)Coastline: 1,390 miles (2,237 km)Highest Point: Chimborazo at 20,561 feet (6,267 m)Ecuador is a country located on the west coast of South America between Columbia and Peru. It is known for its position along the Earths equator and for officially controlling the Galapagos Islands which are about 620 miles (1,000 km) from Ecuadors mainland. Ecuador is also incredibly biodiverse and it has a medium-sized economy.History of EcuadorEcuador has a long history of settlement by native peoples but by the 15th century it was controlled by the Inca Empire. In 1534 however, the Spanish arrived and took the area from the Inca. Throughout the rest of the 1500s, Spain developed colonies in Ecuador and in 1563, Quito was named as an administrative district of Spain.Beginning in 1809, Ecuadorian natives began to revolt against Spain and in 1822 independence fo rces beat the Spanish army and Ecuador joined the Republic of Gran Colombia. In 1830 though, Ecuador became a separate republic. In its early years of independence and through the 19th century, Ecuador was unstable politically and it had a number of different rulers. By the late 1800s, Ecuadors economy was beginning to develop as it became an exporter of cocoa and its people began to practice agriculture along the coast.The early 1900s in Ecuador were also unstable politically and in the 1940s it had a short war with Peru that ended in 1942 with the Rio Protocol. According to the U.S. Department of State, the Rio Protocol, led to Ecuador conceding a portion of its land that was in the Amazon area to draw the borders that it currently has today. Ecuadors economy continued to grow after World War II and bananas became a large export.Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, Ecuador stabilized politically and was run as a democracy but in 1997 instability returned after Abdala Bucaram (who became president in 1996) was removed from office after claims of corruption . In 1998, Jamil Mahuad was elected president but he was unpopular with the public due to economic problems. On January 21, 2000, a junta took place and Vice President Gustavo Noboa took control.Despite some of Noboas positive policies, political stability did not return to Ecuador until 2007 with the election of Rafael Correa. In October 2008, a new constitution went into effect and several policies of reform were enacted shortly thereafter.Government of EcuadorToday Ecuadors government is considered a republic. It has an executive branch with a chief of state and a head of government - both of which are filled by the president. Ecuador also has a unicameral National Assembly of 124 seats that makes up its legislative branch and a judicial branch composed of the National Court of Justice and the Constitutional Court.Economics and Land Use in EcuadorEcuador currently has a medium-sized economy that is based mainly on its petroleum resources and agricultural products. These products in clude bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, tapioca, plantains, sugarcane, cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, dairy products, balsa wood, fish and shrimp. In addition to petroleum, Ecuadors other industrial products include food processing, textiles, wood products and various chemicals manufacturing.Geography, Climate and Biodiversity of EcuadorEcuador is unique in its geography because it is located on the Earths equator. Its capital Quito is located only 15 miles (25 km) from a latitude of 0Ëš. Ecuador has a varied topography which includes coastal plains, central highlands and a flat eastern jungle. In addition, Ecuador has an area called Region Insular which contains the Galapagos Islands.In addition to its unique geography, Ecuador is known as being highly biodiverse and according to Conservation International it is one of the worlds most biodiverse countries. This is because it owns the Galapagos Islands as well as portions of the Amazon Rainforest. According to Wikipedia, Ecuador has 15% of the worlds known bird species, 16,000 species of plants, 106 endemic reptiles and 138 amphibians. The Galapagos also have a number of uni que endemic species and is where Charles Darwin developed his Theory of Evolution. It should be noted that a large portion of Ecuadors high mountains are volcanic. The countrys highest point, Mount Chimborazo is a stratovolcano and because of the Earths shape, it is considered as the point on the Earth that is farthest from its center at an elevation of 6,310 m.Ecuadors climate is considered humid subtropical in the rainforest areas and along its coast. The rest however is dependent on altitude. Quitos, with an elevation of 9,350 feet (2,850 m), average July high temperature is 66ËšF (19ËšC) and its January average low is 49ËšF (9.4ËšC) however, these high and low temperatures are the average highs and lows for each month of the year due to its location near the Equator.To learn more about Ecuador, visit the Geography and Maps section on Ecuador on this website.References Central Intelligence Agency. (29 September 2010). CIA - The World Factbook - Ecuador. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.). Ecuador: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107479.htmlUnited States Department of State. (24 May 2010). Ecuador. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35761.htmWikipedia.com. (15 October 2010). Ecuador - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador

Race and ethnicity in the fishing industry in south america Research Paper

Race and ethnicity in the fishing industry in south america - Research Paper Example As much as the globe has been hit by the globalization wave, the Uros people have kept to themselves and only speak the Quechua language making them unable to interact with tourists (Hilburn 193). One of the reasons why the Uros people do not interact with other ethnicities is because they are self sufficient as they have everything that they need on their islands meaning that they do not have to use money for them to obtain the things they need (Hilburn 193). In essence, these people often weave their own clothing and they exchange fish for other products that they need while the other basic needs they draw from the environment. With this, this essay will delve into race and ethnicity in Latin America with a focus on the Uros people in Lake Titicaca, how they interact with people from other ethnicities and races and the different tribes and hierarchies of race and ethnicity on the lake. Fish is the main staple food for the Uros people and the other inhabitants on Lake Titicaca, which means that they only eat white meat alongside potatoes and Quinoa making their diet to be balanced. The hierarchies of the Uros people are not so defined but they tend to help in solving of social problems where this creates respect and authority especially when there is conflict. The Uros do not usually intermarry as they tend to marry among themselves as they only intermarried with the Aymaras in the past, where they lost their identity, customs and language in the process. Surprisingly, the Uros people have no desire of seeking employment outside the islets floating on the lake because they consider to have everything that they need on the islands making labor recruitment in the area to be a scarce venture. In some instances, these people consider tourists to be arrogant because when they visit the islets they fail to understand how to walk on the reeds that make up the ground for them making